Definition:Transport and storage using ultra-low temperatures achieved with dry ice (-78.5°C) or liquid nitrogen (-196°C) instead of mechanical refrigeration.
Applications::
- Biological samples and medical specimens
- Certain vaccines and pharmaceuticals
- High-value seafood (sashimi-grade tuna)
- Emergency cooling when mechanical systems fail
- CO₂ sublimation creates asphyxiation risk (requires ventilation)
- Approximately 1-3% sublimation per 24 hours in good insulation
- Classified as dangerous goods (UN 1845) for transport
- Typical usage: 10-30 kg dry ice per 100 kg product for 24-48 hours
- Extreme cold burn hazard
- Higher cost than dry ice
- Requires specialized insulated containers (dewars)
- Primarily used for biological materials, not food
Dry Ice Considerations::
Liquid Nitrogen Considerations::
Regulatory:: Dry ice and LN₂ transport subject to dangerous goods regulations
Related Terms:: Dry Ice, Liquid Nitrogen, Cryogenic Temperature, Deep Frozen
Find Suppliers:: Dry ice and cryogenic gas suppliers